In 1838 the United States forced the Seneca to agree to the Treaty of Buffalo Creek, which was part of the Indian Removal policy initiated by President Andrew Jackson's administration. By 1817 an estimate placed the population on the reservation at around 700 Seneca, plus small numbers of other displaced people. This reservation encompassed much of the present site of the city of Buffalo, New York, as well as its southern and western suburbs. By the Treaty of Big Tree in 1797, the Seneca relinquished all of Western New York except for twelve reservations, including Buffalo Creek. : pp.61–62īecause the Seneca had been allies of the defeated British, the US forced them to cede most of their territory. The remaining Seneca, Cayugas, and Onondaga peoples, led by Sayenqueraghta (Old King) and his son-in-law Roland Montour, chose to settle at Buffalo Creek. Joseph Brant took a group of mixed tribal members to the Grand River in Canada, where the Crown promised them a large grant of land. Following a terrible winter of 1779–80 at Niagara, the Iroquois began to disperse. At one point the British were reported to be feeding and housing over 5000 refugees. The homeless people fled to the protection of the British at Fort Niagara.

: p.44 This was during the period of the Beaver Wars, when the Iroquois nations worked to expand their territory and hunting grounds.ĭuring the American Revolution, the Sullivan Expedition of 1779 destroyed many towns of the Seneca, as they were allies of the British. Sometime between 16 the Seneca began to occupy the area.

The territory around Buffalo Creek was conquered by the Seneca in the 1600s from the Wenrohronon, also called Wenro. It contained approximately 49,920 acres (202.0 km 2) of land and was set aside for the Seneca Nation following negotiations with the United States after the American Revolutionary War. The Buffalo Creek Reservation was a tract of land surrounding Buffalo Creek in the central portion of Erie County, New York. Buffalo Creek Reservation - located in the central portion of Erie County, included a good portion of the present day City of Buffalo, New York and its eastern and southern suburbs (New Amsterdam was the Holland Land Company name for the village of Buffalo)

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